Tens and Ones Mat full page
Mac & Cheese, Pleeeeze! — Tens First, Then Ones
Put ten-rods on the Tens side. Put cubes on the Ones side.
Move the tens first, then the ones.
Grade 2
5 skill lessons · 3 math-through-reading
Math
Skill lessons
The mathematics the book carries, taught directly. Each lesson has printable workbook pages and a separate teacher key.
Math + reading
Math through the reading
The same book, entered through a sentence it prints. Change one word in the reading and the numbers change with it.
Reading
Reading and language lessons
The same book read as a text. What a word means in its sentence, how a character is shown, how the writing is put together - no mathematics.
5 lessons on the mathematics the book carries. Each lesson has printable workbook pages and a separate teacher key.
The book hands a teacher two clean worked think-steps: thirty and twenty is fifty and nine more makes fifty-nine, and seventy-two plus thirty is one hundred two and one more makes one hundred three. Students rebuild both with rods and cubes, then run the same two-stage move without blocks on four sums the story states.
1. Build thirty and add twenty-nine (4 min)
Build 30 with three ten-rods. Add two more ten-rods and say fifty, then lay down nine cubes and say fifty-nine. Say the whole think-step out loud with your partner: thirty and twenty is fifty, and nine more makes fifty-nine.
30 plus 29 equals 59. Think. 30 and 20 is 50. And 9 more makes 59.
2. Split the second number into tens and ones (6 min)
Build 72 on the mat, three ten-rods and one cube waiting beside it. Slide the three rods on first and say one hundred two, then slide the single cube on and say one hundred three. Do it again with 10 plus 20 and say the two stages aloud each time. Your partner checks that you always move the tens before the ones.
Word preview: split
That's another 31 votes. Awesome. 72 plus 31 equals 103. Think. I know that 72 plus 30 equals 102 and one more makes 103.
3. Drop the blocks and keep the steps (6 min)
Push the blocks away. Turn over one sum card at a time and give the answer in two spoken stages, tens first and then ones. Take turns so each of you answers two cards. If a partner cannot get there in two stages, hand back one ten-rod and let them rebuild that one sum only.
Word preview: strategy
When you start to add greater numbers, you can use special thinking strategies.
4. Write the count as one line (4 min)
Write each of the four sums as one equation on your strip, then write the two think-stages underneath the hardest one. Read that line to your partner without looking at the blocks.
Word preview: equals
I wish I could add everything up on paper like Luna, but if anyone saw me, they'd know how much I want the votes.
1. Split the second number into tens and ones (6 min)
Build 72 on the mat with three ten-rods and one cube waiting. Slide the three rods on and say one hundred two, then the cube and say one hundred three. Do 10 plus 20 the same way.
Word preview: split, hundred
72 plus 31 equals 103.
2. Write the count as one line (3 min)
Write 72 plus 31 equals 103 on your strip and write the two think-stages underneath it. Read the line to your partner with the blocks out of reach.
Word preview: equals
The answer takes an English-specific shape: one hundred three rather than one hundred and three, and the fact that the tens word comes before the ones word with nothing between them. Walk through one frame until it is automatic: Thirty and twenty is fifty, and nine more makes fifty-nine. Work the sum in your everyday language first if that is faster, then give the two stages to your partner in English.
Put ten-rods on the Tens side. Put cubes on the Ones side.
Move the tens first, then the ones.
Cut on the lines. Keep the sum cards in one pile, face down.
Name: ________________________
Write each sum as one equation.
The sum I picked: ________________
Think-step 1: ______________________________
Think-step 2: ______________________________
Four equations, in any order: 10 + 20 = 30, 30 + 29 = 59, 59 + 13 = 72, 72 + 31 = 103. Under the sum the student chose, two lines: the first names the tens landing, the second the ones landing. 59 + 13 and 72 + 31 are the two most students pick as hardest.
A close response moves the whole ten or tens first and names the number it landed on before the ones are added. A loose response gives only the total, counts on by ones, or names the ones stage first and then repairs it.
Support keeps the rods and cubes in reach and works only 10 plus 20 and 30 plus 29; it needs no separate page, only fewer cards. Extension is spoken work on 59 plus 13 and produces no separate written product.
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Standards are held back while this plan is edited. Every standard shown here was matched against the supplied wording of this lesson, quoting its steps, so a changed step is no longer the thing that was checked. Undo your changes to bring the standards back — your edits stay in this browser either way.
Eight groups of voters join across the story and the book names the size of every one of them, from two to thirty-one. Students hold one pile of counters that is never reset, add each group as its card comes up, and say the new total before the next card is allowed to turn. The application is the discipline of the running total: the count is only correct if every step is added onto the last one, and the lesson closes on the single vote the book collects but never adds.
1. Start the count at two (5 min)
Put two counters in the middle of your desk. That is the whole count so far, and neither of you may move it until a vote card says to. Say the total out loud together: two.
Word preview: count, total
Now I can count on two votes, Rachel's and mine.
2. Add each new group and say the total (6 min)
Turn the vote cards face up one at a time in order. Add that many counters, then say the sentence before you touch the next card: the chess club joined, that is twenty-nine more, now it is fifty-nine. Your partner holds the next card back until the sentence is finished.
Word preview: more, total
Well, in that case, there are 28 kids in the chess club, and Luna makes 29. 29 more votes.
3. Record the running total on the strip (5 min)
Write each group and its number in one row of the strip, and write the new total beside it. Go back and check row by row that every total is bigger than the one above it and by exactly the number in that row.
Word preview: row, total
Yes! 13 more votes! 59 plus 13 equals 72.
4. Finish the count the book stops (4 min)
The last total the book says out loud is one hundred three. Nick changes his mind at the very end and the story never adds him. Trade your hundred counters for the flat, add Nick's one, and tell your partner the number the book never says.
I'm hungry, he says. I want Mac and cheese.
1. Add each new group and say the total (6 min)
Turn the vote cards face up in order. Add that many counters and say the sentence before the next card is turned: the choir joined, that is thirteen more, now it is seventy-two.
Word preview: more, total
Yes! 13 more votes!
2. Finish the count the book stops (3 min)
One hundred three is the last total the book says. Add Nick's single vote on the hundred flat and tell your partner the number the story never says.
Word preview: one more
Now if I can just get one more vote.
English packs three facts into one sentence: the group, the amount, and the new total. Give one frame and run it until it is automatic: The choir joined. That is thirteen more. Now it is seventy-two. Say the numbers in your family language first if that gets you to the total faster, then give the three-part sentence in English.
Name: ________________________
Write one vote card in each row. Write the new total beside it.
Check each row. Is every new total bigger than the one above it by the number in that row?
Say the whole frame after every card. Then the next card may turn.
The ________________________ joined.
That is __________ more.
Now it is __________.
Say the whole frame after every card. Then the next card may turn.
The ________________________ joined.
That is __________ more.
Now it is __________.
Cut on the lines.
The vote cards are yours to make: the lesson names them but does not print the group names or their numbers, so no card set is supplied here. Fill the rows against your own cards, in the order the story gives them.
103 and Nick's one more is 104. That is the number the story never says. It is said to a partner, not written, so there is no page for it.
A close response shows every total built on the one above it, rising by exactly the number in that row, and a student who can point to the row where a mistake first entered. A loose response starts the count again from the new group, or writes the group's number in the total column.
All three parts spoken: the group, the amount, the new total. Accept the numbers in the student's home language on a first pass, then the frame in English.
One or more pages for this lesson were held back. The lesson names a set larger than it spells out — a deck of cards, a row of strips — and the missing items were not invented to fill it.
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Standards are held back while this plan is edited. Every standard shown here was matched against the supplied wording of this lesson, quoting its steps, so a changed step is no longer the thing that was checked. Undo your changes to bring the standards back — your edits stay in this browser either way.
Twice the book stops the story to show the same move: reach for a fact you own, then change it a little to reach the one you want. Six and six is twelve, and eight is two more than six, so twelve and two more is fourteen. One and two is three, so ten and twenty is thirty. Students perform both kinds of change with counters and rods, and the concept they are building is that a new sum can be reasoned from an old one instead of counted from one.
1. Build the doubles fact you know (4 min)
Fill one ten-frame with six counters and put six more in the second frame. Say the doubles fact out loud, six and six is twelve, and point at each six as you say it.
Word preview: doubles
Think 6 plus 6 is a doubles fact. 6 plus 6 is 12.
2. Stretch the double by two (6 min)
Leave the twelve counters where they are and drop two more into the second frame so it holds eight. You have not started over, so you do not count from one. Say what you did: twelve, and two more is fourteen. Do the same stretch for five and seven, and for seven and nine.
Word preview: more than, stretch
I know 8 is 2 more than 6. So 12 plus 2 more is 14.
3. Trade the ones for tens (6 min)
Lay out one cube and two cubes and say one and two is three. Now swap each cube for a ten-rod and say the new fact: ten and twenty is thirty. Do the same trade for two and three, and for four and four, saying the small fact before the big one every time.
Word preview: trade
I know 1 plus 2 equals 3, so 10 plus 20 equals 30.
4. Say the fact and the new fact (4 min)
Pick the trade that felt easiest and the stretch that felt hardest. Say each one to your partner using the frame card, naming the fact you already knew before you name the one you worked out.
When you start to add greater numbers, you can use special thinking strategies.
1. Build the doubles fact you know (4 min)
Fill one ten-frame with six counters and the second with six more. Say the doubles fact aloud, six and six is twelve, pointing at each six.
Word preview: doubles
6 plus 6 is 12.
2. Stretch the double by two (5 min)
Keep the twelve and drop two more into the second frame. Do not count from one. Say it: twelve, and two more is fourteen.
Word preview: more than
So 12 plus 2 more is 14.
The idea of leaning on a known fact is language-independent and often already strong in children schooled elsewhere, where doubles are drilled early. The frame two more than puts the difference first and the reference number last, the reverse of several languages. Practise one frame: I know six and six is twelve, so six and eight is fourteen. Think the fact in your first language, then say the frame in English.
Put your counters in the frames. Leave them there when you stretch.
Cut on the lines. One card for each partner.
I know ________________________,
so ________________________.
I know ________________________,
so ________________________.
Cut on the lines.
There is no single right pair. A strong response names a fact the student genuinely owns in the first blank and the fact it was changed into in the second, and the two are one small change apart: two more counters, or ones swapped for tens. Anything the student had to count out from one does not belong in the first blank.
A close response leaves the twelve where it is and adds two. A loose response sweeps the counters up and counts the whole thing again from one, or gives the right total with no fact named.
Support works only the stretch and always starts from 6 and 6; the same two frames and the same frame card serve it, so no separate page. Extension stretches the double downward to 6 and 4 and explains it aloud, which names no written product.
Choose your curriculum above to see the standards for this lesson.
Standards are held back while this plan is edited. Every standard shown here was matched against the supplied wording of this lesson, quoting its steps, so a changed step is no longer the thing that was checked. Undo your changes to bring the standards back — your edits stay in this browser either way.
Thirty plus twenty-nine is fifty-nine, and the working is shown as two moves, twenty first and nine after. Students build that sum in rods and cubes and draw it as exactly two jumps on an open line, then put a finger on each part of the blocks and find the same part on the line. The representation work is the matching: the two rods and the long jump are the same twenty, and the fifty that is a landing point on the line is not a separate object in the blocks at all.
1. Build thirty and twenty-nine with rods and cubes (5 min)
Build 30 with three rods on the left of your desk and 29 with two rods and nine cubes on the right. Push them together and trade nothing yet. Count the rods, then the cubes, and say what you have: five tens and nine ones, fifty-nine.
30 plus 29 equals 59.
2. Jump the same sum on the number line (6 min)
Mark 30 on the strip. Draw one long jump of twenty and label where you land, then one short jump of nine and label where you land. Two jumps only, no small hops. Say each landing number as you write it.
Word preview: jump, number line
Think. 30 and 20 is 50. And 9 more makes 59.
3. Match the rods to the jumps (5 min)
Put a finger on the two rods you pushed over and the other finger on the long jump. Do the same for the nine cubes and the short jump. Tell your partner which part of the blocks is the fifty on your line and which part is not on the line at all.
Word preview: match, same
4. Show fifty-nine plus thirteen both ways (4 min)
Do 59 plus 13 with blocks and on a fresh line. You will have to build a ten out of loose cubes partway through, so watch for where that happens on the line too.
59 plus 13 equals 72.
1. Jump the same sum on the number line (6 min)
Mark 30 on the strip. Draw one jump of twenty, label the landing, then one jump of nine and label the landing. Two jumps only. Say each landing number aloud.
Word preview: jump, number line
Think. 30 and 20 is 50. And 9 more makes 59.
2. Match the rods to the jumps (3 min)
Point at the two rods and at the long jump, then at the nine cubes and the short jump. Tell your partner where fifty is on your line.
Word preview: match
Blocks and jumps carry meaning without words and are often the fastest way in for a child new to English. Two things need saying: the phrase land on, and the habit of reading a number line left to right, which is not universal. Rehearse one frame while pointing: I jump twenty and land on fifty. Describe your two jumps in your strongest language to your partner first, then use the frame in English for the class.
Name: ________________________
Mark your first number. Draw the long jump, then the short jump.
Label every number you land on.
Name: ________________________
Start at the arrow. Draw the long jump, then the short jump.
Label every number you land on.
Cut on the lines.
Mark at 30. One long jump of 20 landing on 50, one short jump of 9 landing on 59. Two jumps, both labelled. 30 and 20 is 50, and 9 more makes 59.
Mark at 59. A jump of 10 landing on 69, then a jump of 3 landing on 72. The new ten is built as the second jump crosses 70; students who broke the 13 into 10, 1 and 2 will pass through 60 and 70 instead, and that is sound if all the labels are there.
The two rods pushed across are the long jump of 20. The nine cubes are the short jump of 9. The 50 is a landing point on the line; in the blocks it is the five rods together, not a separate object, and that is the answer to what is on the line but not in the blocks.
A close response draws exactly two jumps and labels both landings, and the long jump is visibly longer than the short one. A loose response draws a string of small hops, leaves a landing unlabelled, or draws the nine before the twenty.
Support uses the second strip page, where the tens are numbered and 30 is arrowed. Extension draws 59 plus 13 a second time as three jumps; the third blank strip on the at-grade page is there for that, so no extra page is needed.
Choose your curriculum above to see the standards for this lesson.
Standards are held back while this plan is edited. Every standard shown here was matched against the supplied wording of this lesson, quoting its steps, so a changed step is no longer the thing that was checked. Undo your changes to bring the standards back — your edits stay in this browser either way.
Not one method gets used twice in a row. Six and eight is worked from a doubles fact, ten and twenty from a smaller fact, thirty and twenty-nine and seventy-two and thirty-one by splitting the second number into tens and ones. Students sort four of those sums by the route they would take, then work one of them both ways, count the think-steps each route costs, and argue for one using the step count as their reason. The reasoning is the argument from step count, not the arithmetic, which the class has already done.
1. Sort the four sums (4 min)
Read the four sum cards with your partner and put each one on the mat you would use for it. Do not work any of them out yet. You must both agree before a card goes down.
Word preview: sort, strategy
1. Find 6 plus 8.
72 plus 31 equals 103.
2. Work one sum two ways (5 min)
Take 30 plus 29 and do it twice: once by splitting the twenty-nine into twenty and nine, once by starting from a fact you already know. Write both routes on your strip and check that both land on fifty-nine.
Word preview: route, check
Think. I know that 72 plus 30 equals 102 and one more makes 103.
3. Count the steps and argue (7 min)
Count how many think-steps each route took you and write the number on your strip. Tell your partner which route you would give someone doing this in their head, using the frame card and naming the number of steps. Then listen while your partner argues the other route and say whether the step count changes your mind.
You can do math in your head. That's called mental math.
4. Post the rule for Caitlin (4 min)
As a class, agree on one sentence that says when to reach for a fact you know and when to split into tens and ones. It has to name a sum from the chart as its example. Write it on the chart paper.
Put your pencil down, get ready to add in your head.
1. Work one sum two ways (5 min)
Do 30 plus 29 twice: once by splitting twenty-nine into twenty and nine, once from a fact you already know. Write both routes and check both land on fifty-nine.
Word preview: route
30 plus 29 equals 59.
2. Count the steps and argue (4 min)
Count the think-steps each route took and write the number down. Use the frame card to tell your partner which route you would give someone adding in their head.
Word preview: steps
Counting steps and comparing two routes is language-independent, and a student can often do this reasoning long before they can narrate it. The English because clause is the load here: the reason follows the claim and the numbers land inside the clause, which is the reverse of several languages. Rehearse the frame exactly as printed: I would use splitting because it takes two steps. Argue it in your strongest language with your partner first, then give the frame sentence in English.
Put each sum card on the mat you would use for it.
Do not work them out. You must both agree first.
Cut on the lines. Keep the four sum cards together.
I would use ________________________
because it takes ______ steps.
I would use ________________________
because it takes ______ steps.
Name: ________________________
Write the sum. Do it both ways. Count your think-steps.
Sum: ________________
Both routes land on: ________________
A pair that argues 30 + 29 onto the other mat because they know 30 and 30 has not made an error; the sort is a prediction, and step 3 is where they have to pay for it in steps.
Splitting: 30 and 20 is 50, and 9 more makes 59. Two think-steps.
From a fact already known: 30 and 30 is 60, and one less is 59. Two think-steps. A pair that first says 3 and 3 is 6, so 30 and 30 is 60, and then takes one away has spent three. Both routes land on 59, and that is the check the lesson asks for.
There is no winning route here. A strong argument names a number of steps and points at the strip where those steps are written; the student who changes their mind after hearing the other side should be able to say which step count moved them. A loose response says one route is easier or faster with no count behind it, or counts the writing rather than the thinking.
Support writes 10 plus 20 in the Sum blank instead of 30 plus 29; the strip is the same page. Extension argues the losing route against a sum from the book's chart and produces no separate written product.
Choose your curriculum above to see the standards for this lesson.
Standards are held back while this plan is edited. Every standard shown here was matched against the supplied wording of this lesson, quoting its steps, so a changed step is no longer the thing that was checked. Undo your changes to bring the standards back — your edits stay in this browser either way.
The mathematics is reached through a sentence the book prints: change one word in the reading and the numbers change with it. These carry their own standards, matched against these lessons rather than inherited from the skill ones.
Students build the total a book sentence names, swap one word in that sentence, build the new total beside it, and say which word made the piles different.
1. Build the total the sentence names (5 min)
Pairs read the sentence strip for seventy-two votes with thirty-one more coming, build seventy-two in rods and cubes, add the thirty-one, and say the total aloud.
2. Swap the word and build again (6 min)
Pairs are given the same strip with another crossed out and in all written over it. They read it aloud, build what the new sentence says on the other half of the mat, and say that total.
3. Sort four sentences by what they tell you to do (5 min)
Pairs read four sentence strips from the story and place each one under join it on, that is the total, or take it away, saying the word that decided it.
4. Say a sentence about your own pile (4 min)
Each student says one sentence about their own two piles using the swapped word correctly, and the partner says whether the sentence matches the desk.
1. Swap the word and build again (6 min)
Pairs are given the same strip with another crossed out and in all written over it. They read it aloud, build what the new sentence says on the other half of the mat, and say that total.
2. Say a sentence about your own pile (4 min)
Each student says one sentence about their own two piles using the swapped word correctly, and the partner says whether the sentence matches the desk.
The number is the same in every language and the arithmetic will usually be the easy part. The load is the English quantifier: another means one more lot of, not a different one, and up to marks an endpoint rather than a direction. Both are common false friends. Rehearse two frames side by side so the contrast is heard: Another thirty-one means add thirty-one. Up to ten means I have ten. Invite students to say what the sentence tells them to do in their strongest language before giving the frame in English, and never ask a child to guess a word's meaning from the story alone when the piles can show it.
Choose your curriculum above to see the standards for this lesson.
Standards are held back while this plan is edited. Every standard shown here was matched against the supplied wording of this lesson, quoting its steps, so a changed step is no longer the thing that was checked. Undo your changes to bring the standards back — your edits stay in this browser either way.
Phases are not grades. The Primary Years Programme is a developmental continuum and your school places each student in a phase, so this names the strand the lesson works in and the phases it could sit across. Confirm against your own school's placement.
Number · Phases 1–4
Students find the last total the story states, read the two lines that say what happens next, add the vote the book collects but never counts, and give the number together with the line that funds it.
1. Find the last number the book says (4 min)
Pairs hunt back through the closing pages for the last total the story states out loud, and write it at the top of the card.
2. Read the two lines that say what comes next (6 min)
Pairs read aloud the sentence that says how many more votes are wanted and the sentence in which Nick says what he wants, then say in their own words what each one tells them.
3. Add Nick and show the hundred (6 min)
Pairs build one hundred three on the flat with rods and cubes, add Nick's one, and say what happens to the ones, the tens and the hundred as they do it.
4. Give the number with its line (4 min)
Each pair writes the total on the card, copies the sentence they used beside it, and reads both to another pair, who says whether the sentence really settles the number.
1. Read the two lines that say what comes next (6 min)
Pairs read aloud the sentence that says how many more votes are wanted and the sentence in which Nick says what he wants, then say in their own words what each one tells them.
2. Give the number with its line (4 min)
Each pair writes the total on the card, copies the sentence they used beside it, and reads both to another pair, who says whether the sentence really settles the number.
The arithmetic is one more than one hundred three and will not be the obstacle. The reading is. Both constraining sentences are indirect: one more vote names an amount without naming who gives it, and I want Mac and cheese names a person without naming an amount, so the child has to hold two half-sentences together. Rehearse a frame that joins them: The book needs one more vote. Nick is one. So it is one hundred four. Let students say why the sentences fit together in their strongest language before giving the frame in English, and read both sentences aloud twice so the evidence is audible rather than only printed.
Choose your curriculum above to see the standards for this lesson.
Standards are held back while this plan is edited. Every standard shown here was matched against the supplied wording of this lesson, quoting its steps, so a changed step is no longer the thing that was checked. Undo your changes to bring the standards back — your edits stay in this browser either way.
Phases are not grades. The Primary Years Programme is a developmental continuum and your school places each student in a phase, so this names the strand the lesson works in and the phases it could sit across. Confirm against your own school's placement.
Number · Phases 1–4
Students build two rows from the book's own numbers, say the comparison the book gives, then say the same fact the other way round and show that one arrangement makes both sentences true.
1. Build both rows (5 min)
Pairs put six counters in the top ten-frame and eight in the bottom, lined up square by square, and count the empty squares at the end of the short row.
2. Say the book's sentence and point (4 min)
Pairs say the book's comparison aloud and point at the gap it names, then say which row the sentence starts from.
3. Turn the sentence around (7 min)
Pairs start the sentence from the other row and say it, changing only the comparison word, then write both sentences on the strip and check the gap they are pointing at has not moved.
4. Do it again with the vote counts (4 min)
Pairs build seventy-two and one hundred three in rods, find the gap, and say and write both directions for that pair too.
1. Turn the sentence around (7 min)
Pairs start the sentence from the other row and say it, changing only the comparison word, then write both sentences on the strip and check the gap they are pointing at has not moved.
2. Do it again with the vote counts (4 min)
Pairs build seventy-two and one hundred three in rods, find the gap, and say and write both directions for that pair too.
This note carries the most weight of any in these lessons, because comparative syntax is where children whose arithmetic is fine still go wrong. The difference itself transfers, and a child who can subtract can find it. Two things are new here: the English pattern that puts the amount before the comparison word and the reference number last, eight is two more than six, which several languages invert; and the pair more and fewer, where many languages use one word for both. Rehearse both frames aloud as a matched pair, never one alone: Eight is two more than six. Six is two fewer than eight. Have students say both directions in their strongest language first and notice whether the word changes there too, then give the English pair while pointing at the two empty squares.
Choose your curriculum above to see the standards for this lesson.
Standards are held back while this plan is edited. Every standard shown here was matched against the supplied wording of this lesson, quoting its steps, so a changed step is no longer the thing that was checked. Undo your changes to bring the standards back — your edits stay in this browser either way.
Phases are not grades. The Primary Years Programme is a developmental continuum and your school places each student in a phase, so this names the strand the lesson works in and the phases it could sit across. Confirm against your own school's placement.
Number · Phases 1–4
Shape and space · Phases 1–4
5 lessons on the reading and language the book carries - what a word means in its sentence, how a character is shown, how a text is built. No mathematics: these are matched against the English language arts curricula, which are a different and smaller set than the mathematics ones.
The book's own title spells please with four e's, and the story prints three shouted one-word sentences and a line the narrator says she yells. Students read each aloud twice, once flat and once the way the letters ask, and name what the spelling and the punctuation did to their voices. They finish by stretching a word of their own the same way. No student counts, adds or compares anything; the whole task is sounding out a spelling choice.
1. Say the title the way it is spelled (5 min)
Read the title line aloud from the card twice: first say please the ordinary way, then say Pleeeeze the way the four e's ask you to. Stretch the middle sound as long as the letters run. Tell your partner what the extra letters made your voice do that the ordinary spelling did not.
Word preview: Pleeeeze
393_Mac & Cheese, Pleeeeze! I like my teacher, Mr. Moore.
2. Hunt the shouted one-word lines (5 min)
Read the printed cheering scene aloud in a group of three, one sentence each around the circle. Every time you reach a word that ends in an exclamation mark, say it louder than the sentence before it. Underline Cute, Great and Woohoo on your copy and say which one is the loudest and why.
Word preview: Woohoo
The next day some fifth grade girls see me putting up posters. Cute! One of them says, You've got my vote. I love mac and cheese. Her friends say, Me too. Great! Three more votes! I'm up to ten. And I'm starting to like this election.
One vote less for pizza. One vote less for stuffed potato. Woohoo! It's a three-way tie. Now if I can just get one more vote.
3. Yell the ending line (5 min)
Read the printed ending line twice with a partner. The first time, read it flat, the way you would read a grocery list. The second time, yell it the way the word yell tells you to. Then say which reading matches the words Mac and cheese, the lunch you love, and point to the word in the sentence that told you.
Word preview: yell
Say cheese, I yell, Mac and cheese, the lunch you love. I jump up and down. Luna gives me a high five.
4. Stretch a word of your own (5 min)
Look again at the printed title line and count the e's in Pleeeeze. Pick a word you would say long in a loud voice and write it twice on your slip: once spelled the ordinary way, once with letters stretched the way this title stretches its e's. Read both to your partner and let them tell you which one they heard as longer.
Word preview: stretch
393_Mac & Cheese, Pleeeeze! I like my teacher, Mr. Moore.
1. Say the title the way it is spelled (4 min)
Read the title line aloud twice: once saying please the ordinary way, once stretching Pleeeeze as long as its four e's run. Tell your partner what the extra letters made your voice do.
Word preview: Pleeeeze
393_Mac & Cheese, Pleeeeze! I like my teacher, Mr. Moore.
2. Yell the ending line (5 min)
Read the printed ending line flat, then yell it. Say which reading matches the words and point to the word in the sentence that told you to shout.
Word preview: yell
Say cheese, I yell, Mac and cheese, the lunch you love. I jump up and down. Luna gives me a high five.
Stretched vowels transfer readily: a learner who can hold a vowel in a first language can hold the vowel in Pleeeeze on the first try, and this step needs no vocabulary at all. English writes the stretch by repeating a letter rather than by a length mark, so show the card and count the e's before asking for sound. Rehearsable frame: The letters e-e-e-e tell me to say ______ long. Invite the retelling of what the spelling does in the learner's strongest language first, then in English.
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This book prints five campaign slogans, and every one of them works by reusing a food's own word. Students say the two meanings of melt in Annie's slogan, sort Sam's posters into rhymes and made-up words, explain the narrator's verdict on the poster that misfires, and write a slogan of their own that uses one food word twice. Nothing is counted; the work is entirely about what words mean and how they sound.
1. Read Annie's slogan and find the two meanings (5 min)
Read the printed scene aloud with a partner and stop at the slogan. Say what melt means when it happens to cheese on a tuna melt, then say what melt your heart means about a person. Tell your partner which meaning Annie wanted a voter to think of, and why she picked a food that does both.
Word preview: slogan, melt
Check out my campaign posters for Tuna Melt. Annie says, I raise an eyebrow. You made posters? She unrolls one to show me her slogan. Tuna, it will melt your heart.
2. Sort Sam's posters by their sound trick (5 min)
Read the printed poster wall aloud, one poster each around your group. For each one, circle the two words that sound alike: corn dogs and corny, cheese and cheesy, burger and booger. Then say aloud which pair is a rhyme and which pair is one word made out of another.
Word preview: corny, cheesy
Tuna melts your brain. Vote stuffed potato. Who wants burger? Booger casserole. Vote stuffed potato. Then I see another poster. Corn dogs are corny. Mac and cheese is cheesy. Vote stuffed potato. Hmm. That's not very funny.
3. Say why one poster stops being funny (5 min)
Read the printed poster wall again to its last two sentences. Say aloud what is different about the corn dog poster: whose lunch does the joke insult, and whose lunch does it accidentally praise? Then explain to your partner what the narrator means by That's not very funny, using the poster's own words.
Word preview: insult
Tuna melts your brain. Vote stuffed potato. Who wants burger? Booger casserole. Vote stuffed potato. Then I see another poster. Corn dogs are corny. Mac and cheese is cheesy. Vote stuffed potato. Hmm. That's not very funny.
4. Build a slogan out of a food word (5 min)
Look at the printed ending line, where the narrator turns Say cheese into her own slogan. On your strip, write a slogan for a lunch you like, using one word from the food's name twice, the way melt is used twice on Annie's poster. Read it to your group and let them name the word you used twice.
Word preview: campaign
Say cheese, I yell, Mac and cheese, the lunch you love. I jump up and down. Luna gives me a high five.
Check out my campaign posters for Tuna Melt. Annie says, I raise an eyebrow. You made posters? She unrolls one to show me her slogan. Tuna, it will melt your heart.
1. Read Annie's slogan and find the two meanings (5 min)
Read the printed scene aloud and stop at the slogan. Say what melt means for cheese on a tuna melt, then what melt your heart means about a person, and tell your partner which one Annie wanted voters to hear.
Word preview: slogan, melt
Check out my campaign posters for Tuna Melt. Annie says, I raise an eyebrow. You made posters? She unrolls one to show me her slogan. Tuna, it will melt your heart.
2. Sort Sam's posters by their sound trick (4 min)
Read the printed poster wall aloud. Circle the two words that sound alike on each poster, then say which pair rhymes and which pair is one word built out of another.
Word preview: corny, cheesy
Tuna melts your brain. Vote stuffed potato. Who wants burger? Booger casserole. Vote stuffed potato. Then I see another poster. Corn dogs are corny. Mac and cheese is cheesy. Vote stuffed potato. Hmm. That's not very funny.
Puns are the hardest kind of humour to carry across languages, because they depend on one language's sounds. Say plainly that these jokes work in English only, and teach melt in its two English senses with a picture of cheese and a hand on the heart before the slogan is read. Booger will need a plain gloss. Rehearsable frame: The word ______ means ______ here, and ______ there. Invite learners to name a food joke from their strongest language first, even one that cannot be translated, so the idea of a joke that lives in sound arrives before the English examples.
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Caitlin tells her friends the election is goofy and tells the reader, alone, how badly she wants to win. Students read her public speech, then her two private moments, then the final scene where both come out of her mouth at once, and choose the one printed sentence that proves what she wanted. They quote sentences, not quantities; the reasoning is entirely about a character's motive.
1. Read what Caitlin says out loud to her friends (5 min)
Read the printed scene aloud in threes, taking the parts of Caitlin, Annie and the narrator's own thoughts. On your tracking sheet, copy the sentence where Caitlin tells the others what she thinks of the election. Say to your group what someone hearing only that sentence would believe about her.
Word preview: goofy
I can't believe you two even care who wins this goofy election. Don't you? Annie asks. Yeah, right, I say. Broccoli battles tuna. Big thrill.
2. Read what Caitlin thinks when nobody is listening (5 min)
Read the two printed private moments aloud, in the quiet voice you use for a secret. On your tracking sheet, write what Caitlin is hiding in the first one and what she admits in the second. Tell your partner which of the two is closer to what she really wants.
Word preview: admit
I wish I could add everything up on paper like Luna, but if anyone saw me, they'd know how much I want the votes. I'd never live it down.
I check to make sure no one else can hear me. Maybe I do care. A little, I admit.
3. Put the two Caitlins side by side at the end (5 min)
Read the printed last scene aloud with a partner, one of you as Annie and one as Caitlin. On your tracking sheet, write the two things Caitlin says in the same breath. Then say aloud which one Annie hears and which one is the truth, and how you know.
Word preview: stares
Annie stares. I thought you said it was a goofy election. Totally goofy, I say. Totally weird. And I sure hope I win.
4. Say the sentence that gives her away (5 min)
Look back at your tracking sheet and pick the one printed sentence you would show to prove Caitlin cared all along. Read it aloud to your group and finish the frame out loud: I know Caitlin cared because she says here that ______. Everyone in the group must read a different sentence from the printed strips.
Word preview: evidence
I wish I could add everything up on paper like Luna, but if anyone saw me, they'd know how much I want the votes. I'd never live it down.
Annie stares. I thought you said it was a goofy election. Totally goofy, I say. Totally weird. And I sure hope I win.
1. Read what Caitlin says out loud to her friends (4 min)
Read the printed scene aloud in threes as Caitlin, Annie and the narrator. Copy the sentence where Caitlin says what she thinks of the election, and say what a listener would believe about her from it alone.
Word preview: goofy
I can't believe you two even care who wins this goofy election. Don't you? Annie asks. Yeah, right, I say. Broccoli battles tuna. Big thrill.
2. Read what Caitlin thinks when nobody is listening (5 min)
Read the two printed private moments in a secret voice. Write what she hides in the first and what she admits in the second, then tell your partner which is closer to the truth.
Word preview: admit
I wish I could add everything up on paper like Luna, but if anyone saw me, they'd know how much I want the votes. I'd never live it down.
I check to make sure no one else can hear me. Maybe I do care. A little, I admit.
First-person narration that carries private thought is a convention, not a vocabulary problem: some learners will read the thought lines as speech because nothing on the page marks them. Read one thought line and one spoken line aloud, in two clearly different voices, before any student sorts them. Rehearsable frame: She says ______ but she thinks ______. Invite learners to give the contrast in their strongest language first; the two-voice reading carries across even when the wording does not.
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The book stops the story to print a notice the characters read on a wall, and prints the same information a second time as the teacher's spoken announcement. Students pull the instructions out of the notice, set the posted version against the spoken one, find the sentence where a character carries out the first instruction, and retell all three from memory in order. Every task is reading and retelling; no student computes anything.
1. Read the posted rules and count what they ask of you (5 min)
Read the printed rules notice aloud, one line each. On your rules chart, write the three things the notice tells a student to do, in the order the notice puts them. Then tell your partner which of the three is something the notice does for you rather than something you do.
Word preview: rules
Election rules for Mr. Moore's class. Choose one lunch from the cafeteria menu. Try to get other kids in the school to vote for your lunch. The winning lunch will be served at Springfest.
2. Compare the notice with the way the teacher said it (5 min)
Read the printed spoken explanation aloud, taking Mr. Moore's part. Put it beside the printed notice on your rules chart and mark one thing the teacher's speech has that the notice does not, and one thing the notice has that his speech does not. Say aloud which version you would rather hand to a student from another class, and why.
Word preview: explained
Class, Mr. Moore said this morning, we are running the Spring Fest lunch election. Huh? We all asked. He explained, you'll each pick a lunch you'd like to eat at Spring Fest, then you try to get other students to vote for your choice. The whole school will be voting, so good luck and may the best lunch win.
Election rules for Mr. Moore's class. Choose one lunch from the cafeteria menu. Try to get other kids in the school to vote for your lunch. The winning lunch will be served at Springfest.
3. Show where Caitlin obeys rule one (5 min)
Read the printed sign-up scene aloud with a partner. Find the sentence that shows Caitlin doing the first thing the notice tells her to do, and read that sentence and the matching rule line back to back. Say aloud what she did before she wrote her name that the rule never asked for.
Word preview: cafeteria
At school I check out the sign-up sheet. I guess I have to pick something. Wait, nobody has signed up for mac and cheese. That's crazy. It's the best thing on the menu. I put down my name.
Election rules for Mr. Moore's class. Choose one lunch from the cafeteria menu. Try to get other kids in the school to vote for your lunch. The winning lunch will be served at Springfest.
4. Say the rules back in your own words (5 min)
Read the printed notice once more to yourself. Then close your eyes and tell your partner the three rules in your own words, in order, without looking. Your partner holds the printed notice and says stop if you skip a line or put one out of order; then you swap.
Word preview: order
Election rules for Mr. Moore's class. Choose one lunch from the cafeteria menu. Try to get other kids in the school to vote for your lunch. The winning lunch will be served at Springfest.
1. Read the posted rules and count what they ask of you (5 min)
Read the printed rules notice aloud, one line each. Write the three things it tells a student to do, in order, and say which of the three the notice does for you instead.
Word preview: rules
Election rules for Mr. Moore's class. Choose one lunch from the cafeteria menu. Try to get other kids in the school to vote for your lunch. The winning lunch will be served at Springfest.
2. Say the rules back in your own words (4 min)
Read the printed notice once more, then tell your partner the three rules in your own words and in order without looking. Your partner holds the notice and says stop if a line is skipped or moved.
Word preview: order
Election rules for Mr. Moore's class. Choose one lunch from the cafeteria menu. Try to get other kids in the school to vote for your lunch. The winning lunch will be served at Springfest.
Posted notices use bare imperatives with no subject, Choose, Try, which learners whose first language marks the command differently may read as descriptions of what someone is doing. Point at the missing you before the first reading. Cafeteria and menu are school-specific and worth a picture. Rehearsable frame: The notice tells me to ______. Let learners retell the three instructions in their strongest language first, then in English with the printed notice in hand.
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Every vote in this book is won or lost in a short spoken exchange, and each one turns on a stated reason. Students find the word but where Charlie reverses himself, follow two strangers arguing themselves onto a side for a reason that has nothing to do with lunch, read two refusals and name each one's reason, and match Nick's no against his later yes word for word. Students quote reasons and speech; no vote is ever counted.
1. Find the sentence where Charlie changes his mind (5 min)
Read the printed scene aloud with a partner, one as Caitlin and one as Charlie. Underline the word at the start of Charlie's second answer that tells you he is about to say the opposite of his first. Then say aloud the two reasons he gives, and which one is about a person and which is about a food.
Word preview: neighbor
I spot my neighbor Charlie on the slide. Will you vote for Mac and Cheese? I ask? Sam wants me to vote for Broccoli's stuffed potato, he tells me. I'm about to walk off. Then he says, but you're my neighbor, and Broccoli is gross.
2. Follow two strangers talking themselves into a choice (5 min)
Read the printed soccer team scene aloud in threes, taking the girl, the boy and the narrator. On your persuasion chart, write what the first speaker wanted and what they chose instead. Say aloud the reason the girl gives, and whether it is a reason about the lunch at all.
Word preview: agrees
Two kids from the soccer team are looking at my poster. I edge closer. I like peppy pizza better. One of them is saying. The girl says, Yeah, but the Frisbee team is voting for pizza. We can't do what they do. No way, the boy agrees. The soccer team vote goes to Mac and cheese.
3. Read two people who will not be moved (5 min)
Read the two printed refusal scenes aloud with a partner. On your persuasion chart, write the exact reason each one gives for saying no. Then tell your partner which refusal is about liking something else and which is about not wanting anything right now.
Word preview: refuse
I find my sister Sophie on the swings. What lunch are you voting for? I ask, pizza, she says. But I need votes for mac and cheese. Sophie smiles. Okay. Okay. You'll vote for mac and cheese? No. I like pizza.
Nick, do you like mac and cheese? I ask. I just ate. He says, I'm not hungry. What about when you are hungry? But I'm not.
4. Find the words that finally win Nick over (5 min)
Read the printed later scene aloud, then read Nick's earlier refusal on your chart beside it. Say aloud the one thing that changed between the two scenes, using Nick's own words from both. Finish the frame out loud for your group: Nick said no because ______, and Nick said yes because ______.
Word preview: hungry
The Nick looks at me. I'm hungry, he says. I want Mac and cheese.
Nick, do you like mac and cheese? I ask. I just ate. He says, I'm not hungry. What about when you are hungry? But I'm not.
1. Find the sentence where Charlie changes his mind (5 min)
Read the printed scene aloud as Caitlin and Charlie. Underline the word that starts his second answer and tells you he is about to say the opposite, then name his two reasons aloud.
Word preview: neighbor
I spot my neighbor Charlie on the slide. Will you vote for Mac and Cheese? I ask? Sam wants me to vote for Broccoli's stuffed potato, he tells me. I'm about to walk off. Then he says, but you're my neighbor, and Broccoli is gross.
2. Read two people who will not be moved (4 min)
Read the two printed refusal scenes aloud. Write the exact reason each gives for saying no, and say which refusal is about liking something else and which is about not wanting anything now.
Word preview: refuse
I find my sister Sophie on the swings. What lunch are you voting for? I ask, pizza, she says. But I need votes for mac and cheese. Sophie smiles. Okay. Okay. You'll vote for mac and cheese? No. I like pizza.
Nick, do you like mac and cheese? I ask. I just ate. He says, I'm not hungry. What about when you are hungry? But I'm not.
The pivot word but does the whole job in three of these scenes, and learners often hear it as merely joining two clauses rather than cancelling the first. Read Charlie's two answers with a clear pause on but before students look for it. Yeah, but, No way and Okay are agreement-shaped words that do not always mean agreement here, and Sophie's two Okays are the trap; teach them from the printed scene rather than from a list. Rehearsable frame: He said no because ______, then he said yes because ______. Invite the retelling of one scene in the learner's strongest language first.
Choose your curriculum above to see the standards for this lesson.
Standards are held back while this plan is edited. Every standard shown here was matched against the supplied wording of this lesson, quoting its steps, so a changed step is no longer the thing that was checked. Undo your changes to bring the standards back — your edits stay in this browser either way.